The ENSO affects temperatures along California's coast, while PDO tends to influence precipitation amounts throughout much of Northern California and higher elevation areas.Ĭalifornia also has a diverse biodiversity with many different species found across its regions, such as wolves and grizzly bears in its forests bobcats, coyotes, and foxes living near river systems bald eagles along waterways salmon inhabiting both fresh-water streams and Pacific coastal waters and desert tortoises living amongst scrublands in southern parts of the state. Its weather patterns are mainly driven by two large ocean currents: El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The climate in California ranges from Mediterranean along its coasts to alpine in its mountains and deserts in its eastern regions. Gold Country, located north of Sacramento in the Sierra Nevada foothills it is known for its gold mining heritage and outdoor activities.Shasta Cascade Region, located in northern California near the Oregon state line, has several national parks, such as Lassen Volcanic and Shasta Lake National Parks.San Diego County/Imperial County in Southern California's border region with Mexico.The Pacific Coast Region, which encompasses the coastline from Mendocino County to San Diego County.The High Desert, which is home to desert landscapes such as Death Valley National Park.The Inland Empire, which is located east of Los Angeles and includes Riverside and San Bernardino counties.Northern California, which includes the San Francisco Bay Area, Sacramento Valley, and Sierra Nevada mountain range.The Central Valley, which is known for its extensive agricultural production.Greater Los Angeles, which includes the greater Los Angeles metropolitan area and other nearby cities such as Santa Barbara and Ventura.The Basin, part of Death Valley, is remarkably the lowest point in North America as well.Ĭalifornia can be divided into nine geographical regions. The highest point in California is Mount Whitney at 14,494 feet above sea level, while the lowest point is Badwater Basin at 282 feet below sea level. Most of California's terrain is mountainous, much of which is part of the Sierra Nevada mountain range. It covers an area of 163,696 square miles, making it the third largest state in terms of size behind Alaska and Texas. state located on the west coast of North America, bordered by Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and Mexico to the south. ↑ "SACRAMENTO - USC Dornsife - University of Southern California" (PDF).↑ "2020 Population and Housing State Data".↑ "QuickFacts: Fresno city, California".Archived from the original (Word) on Febru. California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. ↑ "California Cities by Incorporation Date".The Sacramento River and the buildings in the background. The majority of Sacramento's foreign-born population are from Mexico, the Philippines, Vietnam, Ukraine and Laos. This made it a very important place for business. It meant that ships could bring things to Sacramento from the Pacific Ocean. This was important when Sacramento was founded. Sacramento is near where the American River meets the Sacramento River. It was also where the Pony Express stopped. During the Gold Rush, Sacramento was where the railroad ended. Many people came to California to find gold. The Gold Rush was the time after gold was found in California. It was a very important place during the California Gold Rush. Sacramento was started in 1848 by John Sutter. A sacrament is a religious act that gives people divine grace (being liked or favored by God.) Sacramento comes from Spanish and Portuguese for holy rite. About 2,000,000 live in and around Sacramento. The governor and legislature of California are in Sacramento.
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